Seasonal diets of insectivorous birds using canopy gaps in a bottomland forest
نویسنده
چکیده
Little is known about how insectivorous bird diets are influenced by arthropod availability and about how these relationships vary seasonally. We captured birds in forest-canopy gaps and adjacent mature forest during 2001 and 2002 at the Savannah River Site in Barnwell County, South Carolina, and flushed their crops to gather information about arthropods eaten during four periods: spring migration, breeding, postbreeding, and fall migration. Arthropod availability for foliageand ground-gleaning birds was examined by leaf clipping and pitfall trapping. Coleopterans and Hemipterans were used by foliageand ground-gleaners more than expected durin all periods, whereas arthropods in the orders Araneae and Hymenoptera were used as, or less than, expected basef on availability durin all periods. Ground-gleaning birds used Homopterans and Lepidopterans in proportions higher than availability furing all periods. Arthropod use by birds was consistent from spring through all migration, with no apparent seasonal shift in diet. Based on concurrent studies, heavily used orders of arthropods were equally abundant or slightly less abundant in canopy gaps than in the surrounding mature forest, but bird species were most frequently detected in gaps. Such results suggest that preferential feeding on arthropods by foliage-gleaning birds in p p habitats reduced arthropod densities or, alternatively, that bird use of gap and forest habitat was not determined y food resources. The abundance of arthropods across the stand may have allowed birds to remain in the densely vegetated gaps where thick cover provides protection from predators. SINOPSIS. Dieta estacional de aves insectivoras usando huecos del docel en bosques de maderas duras Se conoce poco de como la dieta de insectivoros esti influenciada por la disponibilidad de artrbpodos y de como estas interacciones varian estacionalmente. Capturamos aves en huecos o aberturas del docel de un bosque, adyacente a un bosque maduro durante el 2001 y el 2002 en Savannah River Site, Condado Garnwell, Carolina del Sur. A las aves le lavamos el buche para obtener informacibn sobre 10s artrbpodos utilizados como alimento durante la migracibn primaveral, durante la Cpoca reproductiva, post-reproductiva y durante la migracibn otofial. Para determinar la disponibilidad de artrbpodos en el follaje y en el suelo, usamos la tCcnica de cortar hojas con artrbpodos y la de trampas de envases en el suelo. Los colebpteros y 10s hemipteros heron utilizados como fuente de alimento, m b de lo esperado tanto por aves que se alimentaron en el follaje como en 10s suelos, durante todos 10s periodos. Por su parte, 10s aricnidos y 10s himenbpteros, heron utilizados menos de lo esperado, basindose en la disponibilidad de estos durante todos 10s periodos de estudio. Las aves que se alimentaron en 10s suelos utilizaron hombpteros y lepidbpteros en mayor proporcibn que lo esperado, dada su disponibilidad, durante todos 10s periodos. Los artrbpodos utilizados por las aves fueron consistentes desde la primavera hasta la migracibn otofial, sin que hubiera desplazamiento o cambios estacionales en la dieta. Basado en estudios concurrentes, 10s ordenes de artrbpodos m b utilizados como alimento, estuvieron en similar o un poco m b bajo en abundancia en 10s huecos del docel que en 10s alrededores de bosque maduro, pero las especies de aves se detectaron con mayor frecuencia en 10s huecos. Estos resultados sugieren que la dimentacibn preferencial de artrbpodos por aves que se alimentan buscando insectos entre el follaje en habitats con huecos, reducen la densidad de artrbpodos, o que el uso de 10s huecos o de bosque maduro no esta determinado por 10s recursos alimentarios. La abundancia de artrbpodos a lo largo del rodal puede haber permitido que la aves permanecieran en 10s huecos o aperturas con alta densidad de plantas, en donde el follaje provee de proteccibn contra 10s depredadores. Kq, words: arthropods, bird diets, Coleoptera, crop flushing, migration, postbreeding 5~orresponding author. Ernail: [email protected] 0 2 0 0 7 The Author(s). Journal compilation 0 2 0 0 7 Association of Field Ornithologists
منابع مشابه
Avian Response to Microclimate in Canopy Gaps in a Bottomland Hardwood Forest
Microclimate may infl uence use of early successional habitat by birds. We assessed the relationships between avian habitat use and microclimate (temperature, light intensity, and relative humidity) in experimentally created canopy gaps in a bottomland hardwood forest on the Savannah River Site, SC. Gaps were 2to 3-year-old group-selection timber harvest openings of three sizes (0.13, 0.26, 0.5...
متن کاملCanopy gaps characteristics and structural dynamics in a natural unmanaged oriental beech (Fagus orientalis Lipsky) stand in the north of Iran
Canopy gaps are one of the most important structural features of forest ecosystems, and studying of them can have useful results and implications for forest management. The aim of this study is investigation of characteristics and regeneration within canopy gaps in an intact beech stand in the Shastkalateh Experimental Forest of Hyrcanian region, north of Iran. All canopy gaps and related fores...
متن کاملFood abundance does not determine bird use of early-successional habitat.
Few attempts have been made to experimentally address the extent to which temporal or spatial variation in food availability influences avian habitat use. We used an experimental approach to investigate whether bird use differed between treated (arthropods reduced through insecticide application) and control (untreated) forest canopy gaps within a bottomland hardwood forest in the Upper Coastal...
متن کاملDisappearance of insectivorous birds from tropical forest fragments.
Determining the impact of forest disturbance and fragmentation on tropical biotas is a central goal of conservation biology. Among tropical forest birds, understory insectivores are particularly sensitive to habitat disturbance and fragmentation, despite their relatively small sizes and freedom from hunting pressure. Why these birds are especially vulnerable to fragmentation is not known. Our d...
متن کاملBreeding bird assemblages of hurricane-created gaps and adjacent closed canopy forest in the southern Appalachians
We studied breeding bird assemblages in forest gaps created in 1995 by Hurricane Opal at the Bent Creek Experimental Forest in Asheville, NC. We hypothesized that forest gaps and adjacent closed-canopy forest would differ in bird density, richness, diversity, and relative abundances of some species. To test this hypothesis we censused breeding bird assemblages for 2 years in 12 gaps (0. l-l .2 ...
متن کاملذخیره در منابع من
با ذخیره ی این منبع در منابع من، دسترسی به آن را برای استفاده های بعدی آسان تر کنید
عنوان ژورنال:
دوره شماره
صفحات -
تاریخ انتشار 2007